Euskararen erabilera Eusko Legebiltzarreko debateetan (2012-2020)
Palabras clave:
legebiltzarra, elebitasuna, euskara, hizkuntza naturalaren prozesatzea, EuskadiResumen
Legebiltzarretan, deliberazio demokrazien testuinguruan egindako hitzaldien azterketa garrantzitsua da, hitzaldi horiek hertsiki lotuta baitaude ekintza politikoarekin eta legegintza ekimenak garatzeko arrazoien azalpenarekin. Bestalde, azken urteotan, azterketa automatizatuei esker gehitu egin dira diskurtsoa aztertzeko aukerak, eta informazio bolumen handiak prozesatu daitezke. Testuinguru horretan, euskarak Eusko Legebiltzarrean duen erabilera aztertzen da artikulu honetan, bi legegintzaldiko (hots, 2012-2016 eta 2016-2020 legegintzaldietako) bilkuren akten azterketa automatizatuan oinarrituta. Emaitzek adierazten dutenez, euskaraz egindako agerraldien guztizko bolumena eguneroko erabilerari dagokiona baino handixeagoa da, baina adierazi beharra dago euskarari agerikotasuna emateko helburua duten protokolo erabilerak eta erabilera sinbolikoak ere identifikatu direla.Citas
Abercrombie, Gavin; Batista-Navarro, Riza (2018). ‘Aye’ or ‘No’. Speech-level Sentiment Analysis of Hansard Parliamentary Debate Transcripts. Accesible at: https://aclanthology.org/L18-1659.pdf
Agerri, R. & Rigau, G. (2020). “Projecting heterogeneous annotations for named entity recognition”. In Proceedings of the Iberian Languages Evaluation Forum (IberLEF 2020). http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2664/capitel_paper2.pdf
Agerri, R.; San Vicente, I.; Campos, J. A.; Barrena, A.; Saralegi, X.; Etxabe, Soroa, A. & Agirre, E. (2020). “Give your text representation models some love: the case for basque”. In Proceedings of LREC. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2004.00033
Alcaide, E., Carranza, A., eta Fuentes-Rodríguez, C. (2016). Emotional argumentation in Political Discourse. In Fuentes-Rodríguez, C. eta Álvarez, G. (koord.), A Gender-based Approach to Parliamentary Discourse. The Andalusian Parliament, 129-160.
Bara, J., Weale, A. and Bicquelet, A. (2007), Analysing Parliamentary Debate with Computer Assistance. Swiss Political Science Review, 13: 577-605. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1662-6370.2007.tb00090.x
Berria (2013ko abuztuak 6). “Euskararen erabilera Eusko Legebiltzarreko ekaineko osoko bilkuretan”. https://www.berria.eus/paperekoa/1701/003/002/2013-08-06/euskararen-erabilera-eusko-legebiltzarreko-ekaineko-osoko-bilkuretan.htm
Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Burfoot, C., Bird, S., and Baldwin, T. (2011). Collective classification of congressional floor-debate transcripts. In Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies-Volume 1, pages 1506–1515. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Duthie, R., Budzynska, K., and Reed, C. (2016). Mining ethos in political debate. In COMMA, pages 299–310.
Dunmire, P. Political Discourse Analysis: Exploring the Language of Politics and the Politics of Language. Language and Linguistics, 6(11), pp. 735-751. https://doi.org/10.1002/lnc3.365
Escribano, Nayla; González, Jon Ander; Orbegozo-Terradillos, Julen; Larrondo-Ureta, Ainara; Peña-Fernández, Simón; Perez-de-Viñaspre, Olatz; Agerri, Rodrigo (2022). “BasqueParl: A Bilingual Corpus of Basque Parliamentary Transcriptions”. Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2022), Marseille, 20-25 June 2022, pp. 3382–3390. http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2022/pdf/2022.lrec-1.361.pdf
Europako Kontseilua (2022). Education and Languages, Language Policy. Estrasburgo: Europako Kontseilua. http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/linguistic/division_EN.asp
Eusko Jaurlaritza (2016). VI. Inkesta soziolinguistikoa. Gasteiz: Eusko Jaurlaritza.
Griffith, J. eta Leston-Bandeira, C. (2012). How Are Parliaments Using New Media to Engage with Citizens?, The Journal of Legislative Studies, 18:3-4, 496-513. https://doi.org/10.1080/13572334.2012.706058
Grijzenhout, Steven; Marx, Maarten; Jijkoun, Valentin (2014). “Sentiment Analysis in Parliamentary Proceedings”. In From Text to Political Positions: Text analysis across disciplines. Edited by Bertie Kaal, Isa Maks and Annemarie van Elfrinkhof [Discourse Approaches to Politics, Society and Culture 55], pp. 117–134
Gutmann, Amy and Thompson, Dennis F. (1996). Democracy and Disagreement. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Hajlaoui, N., Kolovratnik, D., Väyrynen, J., Steinberger, R., and Varga, D. (2014). DCEP -digital corpus of the European parliament. In Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC’14), Reykjavik, Iceland, May. European Language Resources Association (ELRA).
Imseng, D.; Bourlard, H.; Caesar, H.; Garner, Philip N.; Lecorvé, A.; Nanchen, A. (2012). Mediaparl. Bilingual Mixed Language Accented Speech Database. IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop (SLT), 2012, pp. 263-268, doi: 10.1109/SLT.2012.6424233.
Iñigo-Mora, Isabel (2007). Estrategias del discurso parlamentario. La Cámara de los Comunes y El Congreso de los Diputados. Discurso & Sociedad, 1(3): 400-438.
Koehn, P. (2005). Europarl: A parallel corpus for statistical machine translation. In Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit X: Papers, pages 79–86, Phuket, Thailand, September 13-15.
Kruse, L. M., Norris, D. R. eta Flinchum, J. R. (2018). Social Media as a Public Sphere? Politics on Social Media, The Sociological Quarterly, 59:1, 62-84. https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2017.1383143
Masumboka, E.L. (2017). Critique of Multilingualism in South Africa’s Post-Democratic Parliament with particular reference to the use of Selected Minority Languages. Grahamstown: Rhodes University.
Marx, M. and Schuth, A. (2010). DutchParl. The parliamentary documents in Dutch. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Lan-Resources and Evaluation (LREC’10), Valletta, Malta, May. European Language Resources Association (ELRA).
McLeod, W. (1998). “Scotland's Languages in Scotland's Parliament”. Scottish Affairs, 24(1), 68-82.
Murphy, Julian R. (2020). “Indigenous Languages in Parliament and Legislation: Comparing the Māori and Indigenous Australian Experience”. Māori Law Review, http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3712771.
Nayla Escribano, Jon Ander González, Julen Orbegozo-Terradillos, Ainara Larrondo-Ureta, Simón Peña-Fernández, Olatz Perez-de-Viñaspre and Rodrigo Agerri (2022). BasqueParl: A Bilingual Corpus of Basque Parliamentary Transcriptions. Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2022), pages 3382–339. http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2022/pdf/2022.lrec-1.361.pdf
Onyimadu, O., Nakata, K., Wilson, T., Macken, D., and Liu, K. (2013). Towards sentiment analysis on parliamentary debates in Hansard. In Joint International Se- mantic Technology Conference, pages 48–50. Springer
Rheault L., Beelen K., Cochrane C., Hirst G. (2016) Measuring Emotion in Parliamentary Debates with Automated Textual Analysis. PLoS ONE 11(12): e0168843. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168843.
Richards, Barry (2010). The Emotional Deficit in Political Communication. Political Communication, 21(3), 339-352.
Roukos, S., Graff, D., and Melamed, D. (1995). Hansard French/English LDC95T20.
Salah, Zahen Ibrahim (2014). Machine Learning and Sentiment Analysis Approaches for the Analysis of Parliamentary Debates [PhD. Thesis]. University of Liverpool.
Sokolovska, Zorana. 2016. “Imagining Europe's linguistic diversity in the Council of Europe's Parliamentary Assembly”. Language & Communication, 51, 40-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langcom.2016.07.004
Soziolinguistika Klusterra (2016). Hizkuntzen erabileraren kale neurketa. Andoain: Soziolinguistika Klusterra.
Thomas, M., Pang, B., and Lee, L. (2006). Get out the vote: Determining support or opposition from congressional floor-debate transcripts. In Proceedings of the 2006 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing, pages 327–335. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Van Dijk, Teun A. (2001). Texto y contexto de los debates parlamentarios, Tonos Digital: Revista Electrónica de Estudios Filológicos, 2, 1-47.
Wilson, J., & Stapleton, K. (2003). Nation-State, devolution and the parliamentary discourse of minority languages. In Journal of Language and Politics (2. bol., 1 zenbakia, 5-30. orr.). John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.2.1.03wil
Wright, Sue (2007). “English in the European Parliament: MEPs and their Language Repertoires”. Sociolinguistica, 21(1), 151-165. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783484605060.151